Jefferson County, Alabama
Located in Alabama, Jefferson County has a population of 667,755 residents and a median age of 37.7 years, making it the #103 most populous county out of 3,222 nationwide. In terms of economic indicators, the county has a poverty rate of 15.7%. The median home value is $240,000, and the median household income is $66,388, which is 12% below the national median.
Demographics
Jefferson County has a population of 667,755, making it the #103 most populous county in the US. The median age is 37.7 years, which is 3.1% below the national median.
Population Trend
Rankings →Year-over-Year Population Growth
Age & Sex Distribution
Race & Ethnicity
Nativity
Geographic Mobility (Past Year)
Economy
The median household income in Jefferson County is $66,388, ranking #1,479 out of 3,222 counties — 11.7% below the national median. The poverty rate is 15.7% and unemployment stands at 4.7%.
Median Household Income Trend
Rankings →Income Distribution
Industry of Employment
Occupation
Housing
The median home value in Jefferson County is $240,000 (-14.9% vs national). Renters pay a median of $1,193/mo and the homeownership rate is 63.9%.
Median Home Value Trend
Rankings →Household Type
Education
In Jefferson County, 36.2% of adults age 25+ hold a bachelor's degree or higher, which is 7.5% above the national average, ranking #418 out of 3,222 counties.
Bachelor's Degree or Higher Trend
Rankings →Health & Wellbeing
Life expectancy in Jefferson County is 72.4 years. 19.7% of adults report poor or fair health and 9.6% lack health insurance. Data from County Health Rankings (2025).
Life Expectancy Trend
Substance Use
15.0% of adults in Jefferson County smoke , 39.7% are obese , and 16.0% report excessive drinking. The drug overdose death rate is 50.1 per 100,000.
Adult Smoking Trend
Safety
The homicide rate in Jefferson County is 26.0 per 100,000 and the suicide rate is 13.9 per 100,000. Motor vehicle deaths occur at a rate of 16.9 per 100,000.
Homicide Rate Trend
Families & Children
21.5% of children in Jefferson County live in poverty and the infant mortality rate is 9.2 per 1,000 live births. The teen birth rate is 20.5 per 1,000 females age 15–19.
Infant Mortality Trend
Civic & Transportation
Voter turnout in Jefferson County is 66.0%. The mean commute time is 26.3 min, which is 4.8% below the national average.
Voter Turnout Trend
Mean Commute Time Trend
Rankings →Elections
In the 2024 presidential election, Jefferson County voted Democratic with a margin of 10.4%. The vote was 54.6% Dem / 44.2% Rep. Compared to 2020, the margin shifted 2.8 toward Republicans .
Vote Share Over Time
About Jefferson County, Alabama
Jefferson County, Alabama has a total population of 667,755, making it the 103rd most populous county in the United States. The median age in Jefferson County is 37.7 years, which is 3.1% below the national median of 38.9 years.
The median household income in Jefferson County is $66,388, which ranks #1,479 of 3,222 counties nationwide. This is 11.7% below the national median of $75,149. The poverty rate is 15.7%, higher than the national rate of 12.6%. The unemployment rate stands at 4.7%.
The median home value in Jefferson County is $240,000, 14.9% below the national median. Renters in Jefferson County pay a median gross rent of $1,193 per month. The homeownership rate is 63.9%, compared to the national rate of 64.4%.
In Jefferson County, 36.2% of residents aged 25 and older hold a bachelor's degree or higher, 7.5% above the national average of 33.7%. Health insurance coverage stands at 90.6% of the population. The average commute time for workers is 26.3 min.
Jefferson County is a diverse community. The largest racial or ethnic group is White (non-Hispanic) at 47.5% of the population, followed by Black (non-Hispanic) (42.1%) and Hispanic or Latino (5.5%).
All data for Jefferson County, Alabama comes from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year Estimates. These figures are estimates based on survey sampling and are subject to margin of error. For the most detailed and up-to-date data, visit the Census Bureau's official data portal.